How often an aquarium needs to be cleaned depends largely on the set-up, the number and type of occupants, feeding habits and filtration employed. Careful feeding, low stocking levels and good filter maintenance results in a low maintenance aquarium with good water quality. As a guide, outlined below is a time table of maintenance required …
It is our duty as aquarists to attempt to find the best foods that provide a complete and varied diet for our aquarium fish. We can break the feeding habits of fish into three broad groups. This article will focus on the carnivorous/piscivorous fish diet. Besides the obvious differences of the diet groups i.e. meat/vegetable/combination, …
When it comes to really giving our fish the best care and giving ourselves the best chance at spawning a fish species there are two rules that I would choose to print on the front cover of every fish book and magazine. Follow these two rules and you’ve covered 95% of what you need to …
Like any living being, fish are prone to illness at some point in their lives. This section endeavors to explain how to keep fish healthy through proper diet and aquarium maintenance and to how to identify and treat an outbreak of disease. Receiving tropical fish It is important to be prepared to receive new shipments of …
An air pump’s primary role is to provide additional circulation and to disturb the water surface creating a larger area for oxygen exchange as described in the aeration section, (not to mystically force air into the water as is often thought) but this is not the limit to their use. An air pump is ideal for powering sponge and box …
This section provides an overview of the equipment used to run and maintain an aquarium. We have also included a guide to the hard decor used to furnish our aquariums and listed information on some other items which may prove useful to the hobbyist. Plants also play a part in the aquarium in terms of …
Domestic tap water is a processed product intended for consumption by humans. Its composition depends partly on the original source and partly on the treatments given to it by the water companies and certainly won’t be suitable for fish in its raw state. Heavily populated cities are often connected to more than one supply. When …
In the introduction to water chemistry, I mentioned how fish have evolved to adapt to their natural surroundings and for a fish to be happy and healthy in an aquarium, the water’s chemical composition must be similar to that of the their natural habitat. But what is their natural habitat like? This section provides an …
Understanding the nitrogen cycle and its role in the aquarium is vital in order to maintain a healthy environment for your fish. Once fish are introduced to a body of water inevitably the initial quality of water will degrade. Fish excrete, food remains rot and plant leaves decay. The stages by which these waste products …
Do you have an aquarium at home? If so, you may be wondering how to add carbon dioxide to it. In the world of fish keeping, one of the most intimidating aspects is learning how to add co2 to aquarium naturally. The following article will go through step by step on how you can do …
The pH level of water can affect fish in many different ways. Some fish are better off at a higher or lower pH, and some species will not survive if the pH is outside their normal range. The most important thing you need to know is that altering the pH level of water too much …
A substance when dissolved in water has a natural desire to dilute itself by bonding with surrounding water molecules. When two solutions are separated by a semipermeable membrane, such as a cell membrane, pure water flows from the weaker solution to dilute the stronger one until they are both the same strength. The term used …
Water hardness in aquariums is a measure of dissolved mineral salts, mainly calcium and magnesium carbonates, in water. The more dissolved salts, the harder the water. Water dissolves salts and minerals as it percolates through the earth’s strata and flows over rocks etc. during the Water Cycle. The terrain over which water flows greatly affects …
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